Parasites are among the most common health risks affecting companion animals. Whether they live exclusively indoors or have access to the outdoors, dogs and cats can be exposed to a wide range of parasites that may impact not only their health but also the health of people around them.
External parasites mainly include fleas, ticks, mites, and lice. Fleas can cause intense itching and may transmit diseases or trigger severe allergic reactions.
Ticks have become an increasingly important health concern in Europe because they can transmit diseases such as Lyme disease and certain blood-borne infections. Mites are responsible for various forms of mange, which can lead to significant skin damage.
Internal parasites are equally concerning. Intestinal worms, such as roundworms, hookworms, and tapeworms, are particularly common in young animals but can also affect adults. Some internal parasites pose a zoonotic risk, meaning they can be transmitted to humans.
Other specific parasites, such as heartworm and certain lungworms, can cause serious illnesses requiring complex treatment. With the increase in international travel and climate change, some parasitic diseases that were once limited to specific regions are now becoming a concern across many European countries.
Clinical signs vary depending on the parasite involved. An infestation may result in itching, hair loss, diarrhoea, weight loss, fatigue, coughing, or a decline in physical performance. In some cases, symptoms may remain subtle for a long time.
Diagnosis relies on several types of examinations, including direct identification of parasites, faecal testing, blood tests, and specialised dermatological examinations. Once the parasite has been identified, the veterinarian can prescribe an appropriate treatment plan.
Prevention remains the most effective strategy. Modern parasite prevention products can protect pets against the majority of internal and external parasites. The most suitable prevention plan depends on the pet's lifestyle, environment, and travel habits.
Investing in regular parasite prevention not only helps protect your pet's health but can also help avoid lengthy and costly treatments if a parasitic disease becomes established.
